Milking-machine.



D. KLEIN.

MILKING MAGHINE.

Arrmonron Hmm 113.27. lona.

924.997. rammed June 15,1909.

5 SHEETS-BREAST 1.

` D. KLEIN. MILKING MACHINE. APPLIoAT'IoN Hmm 11:11.27. laos.

Patented June 15,1909.

s anzu-sum1' n.

ywentoz WZZ/ @un h1 una D. KLEIN.

MILKING MACHINE.

APPLIUATION rum) 1113.21. 190e.

Patented June 15, 1909.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

alternanza D. KLEIN.

MILKING MAUHINE.

ArPLIoATIon num PMM?, xeon.

Patented June 15, 1909.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

, i mmwmg tMmsp D. KLEIN.

MILKINQ MAGHINE. r-nmm'rxon funn 133.27. 190s.

5 BHBETB-BHEET 5.

Patented Junev15,1909.

DANIEL KLEIN, OF. SFOR ANH, WASHINGTN.

MILKING-MACHXNE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 15, 1909.

Application-,filedFebruary 27, 1908. SeriaI Nfl. 418,083.

type wherein the engine for producing the pulsating action is readily and entirely ro movable l'roni those parts of the device which arc reached by the milk and, thcrefore,nced proper sterilizingf so that those parts yol" the -maclline which would be harmed by the operation ol' stcrilizinnT need not be subjected to`such treatment. This 1s a particularlg vinaluable feature oi' the present invention since sterilizing is notv 1u any manner interfered with because those parts ol the apparatus which might be harmed by the treatment necessary for thorough sterilization are removable without the necessity ol unfastcning any parts sinci` the removable parts may he readily lil'tcd out el place or again placed into thc machine without any special fasten im;I devices ol' any kind.

Another important feat-ure ol' the invention comprises a means whereby the influx of air to break the suction between the cow and the milk pail is rendered adjustable so that it may be regulated in accordance with the speed ol' the pulsator. Some cows milk very freely while others are hard milliers, and consequently the speed ol' the pulsator engine may be fast 'l'or the easy inilkinpr cows but must be slowdor the hard milkingi cows. If it were not for the factthat the air influx port could be opened or throttlod at will too much air would enter when the engine was running slour and there would bc danger of the teat cups dropping olf because of the e ualization of pressure. For this reason wlicn a hard milking cow is encountered the engine is run at a much slower speed and the air inlet port is correspondingly throttled so as to always maintain sulicient difference of pressure to hold the tcat oups in place.

By the present invention there is a pneu matlc engine employed, and this is 'actuated pulsating ellect. .By thusutilizing ordinary atmospheric pressure an extra air pipe and air compressing means is avoided, and since thc engine has to perform but little Work normal atmospheric pressure is adequate.

The engine forming part of the present invention is so designed that the more delicate working parts are completely inclosed out ol the reach ol' the unskilled operators, such as are usually employed about dairy farms. The construction of the engine is such that the air used to operate the engine does not enter the milk pail and so will not contaminate the milk. By this means the milk from the time it leaves the cow unt-il it vreaches the pail, aand while in the pail, is not-liable to air contamination.. Therefore, this particular' as woll as the facility with which the apparatus may be sterilized renders the machine as a whole highly sanitary.

The invention, as above outlined. together with other features thereof, will be best understood from a detail description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specilication, in which drawing. ,w

Figure l is a central vertical section through the ap aratus applied to a milk pail, the structure einer of the double pulsator ype. Fig. 2 is a similar section at right angles to that sha-rn in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan View ol' the sructure shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is an elevation ofthe structure showing the connection to an air exhaust mechanism.. Fig. 5 is a section through the pneumatic engine detached from the rest of the apparatus, the section beine` in the same plane as Fig. 2, but showing a different phase of operation. Fig. 6 is a section of the pneib matic engine, detached, on a diil'erent plano than shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and illustrating stii another phase in the operation of the engine. Fig. "7 is a plan View of the pneumatic engine detached, with the sectional planos of certain of the preceding figures indicated, the section line :c-r. indicating the sectional plane of Fig. 1, `the section 'y y indicating` the sectional plano of Figs. '2 and 5, and the section line 2 2 indicating the sectional plane of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is an elevation of the oscillating valve, detached. Figs.

by normal air pressure, the vacuum used to 9 and 10 are elevationsof the pistons, de-

cause the milking operation being utilized tacked, and illustrating the ports and confor the driving of the engine to produce the l necting grooves between them. Fig. 1l is a is` a piston-or pluri er 14 clsely iittin le cylinder and re vuced 4 plan vien' illustrating the adaptation ol' the mechanism for a single pulsator structure.

ln thc drawings, the views are principally dirci-,tod to a structure comprising a double pnlsator mechanism, but it is to be understood that by a slight modification a single pulsator may be used fn connection with two or more leads terminating in teal. cups.

Referring to the drawings, there is shown a milk pail 1 which may be of any suitable shap'e, and where it is desirable to separato the milk coming from different cows the pail may be provided with a dividing partition 2, and in thisv case a doubleV ulsator structure will be used so that the mlllc from each cow may be separately delivered into' an appropriate compartment in the pail. For the purpose of adapting the device to more than two cows atone time an appropriate number of pulsators may be used, and should it be desired to separate the milk ofv each individual cow froml that of the others, then the pail will be divided into the desired number of compartments by a suitable number of partitions 2.

In the following description it is considered that each pail will be provided with a pulsator apparatus adapted to two cows on] f with the understanding, however, that this 1s in a measure indicative only and more than two cows may be milked at' the same time by the same apparatusby a simple` multiplication of parts.

Fitted to the pail is a cover 3provided with a downwardly-extended annular flan e 4 fitting closel into the mouth of the pail. Beyond the ange 4 the cover is formed into an annular ledige 5 and between this ledge and the rim 6 o the pail is interposed a packing ring 7 which may be, if desired, an ordinary rubber acking ring such as is commonly used.- he center of the cover 3 is depressed to form a cylindrical cup 8 4for a ur ose which will presently appear. On eac si e of the cup 8, thecover has fast thereon an upright cylinder 9 communicating with the inside of the pail through an opening 10 which receives a short tubular,extension 1,1 vthe inner Wallsof which constitute a continuation of the cylinder 9. l

The upper end 12 of the cylindei` 9 is externally contracted-in diameter, and through this contracted ortion eis-neck 12 and down into the body o? the cylinder there is formed a'longitudinal'slot 13 opening at the u per end ofthe neck 12. Wlthin each cylndialilQ t e thicker `portion eht intola stem 15 above the closel iittingportion, which stem is continued a ove the upper end of the neck 12 for a distance and at its extreme upper endis rovided with screwthreads 16 receiving a t umb nut 17. Surrounding the stem 15 between the nut 17 and a washer 18 resting on .the upper end of the neck 12 is a helical spring 19, the tension oi which may be adjusted by appropriatelyr turning the nut 17. Near the lower end, each piston 9 communicates with a conduit 2() on the top of the cover 3 through a port 21, and this conduit 2O terminates in a suitable hosereceiving ni )ple 22 beyond the edge of the cover 1, an inter oscd in the length of the conduit 2l) is a va ve 23. The upper face of the conduit is out 'away for an appropriate distance and receives a transparent section 24 whereby the contents of the conduit may be examined at any time. Each. cylinder 9 at a'point about'coineidentwith the junction ofthe neck 12 thereto, is provided with a passage 25 leading from the external air to the interina of the cylinder, and this passage re ceives the neck .26 of a cup 27 in which is formed orv into which is inserted a perforated diaphragm 28. The outer end of the cup is provided with a perforated cover 29 which may be screwed thereon, and this cover has a central threaded passage for a thumb screw 30, the lower end of which is formed into a needle valve 3l capable of entering the passage 25 and seating on the valve seat 32 formed at the mouth of said passage where it enters the cup 27. Each iston 14 has formed in one face a longitn( nal groove 33 of such length as to reach froml the passage 25 to the port 21 Without entirely including the latter.

Fitted to the cup S, so as to seat snugly therein but at the same time be freely removable therefrom is a cylinder 34 closed at the upper end by a screw cap 35 having a central threaded o ening for the reception of a screw plug 36. he lower end of the cylinder 34 is closedby a screw'ring 37 confining the bottom annular iiange 38 of a hollow ost 39 toa shoulder 40 formed by counter oring the lower end of the cylinder 34. This ring is provided with perforations 41 suitably paced for the a plication of a s anner, by

sans of which t e ring is screwe into place. The post 39 has its central bore 42 closed at the upper end by a screw-plug 43 and at the lower end by a screw plu 44, and within the bore 42 of the post an snugly ttin -the same is confined an elon ated cylin rical oscillating valve 45 having etween its ends two spaced annular grooves 46 and 47. The

ed ports. In Fig. l, the `post is shown formed with a ort 47 near its lower end. opening outwar and another port 48 about midway of its length openn inward, and these two ports are connected by a passage 49. Belowthe 4port 48 the passa e 49 communicates with another inwardy opening port 50. At a oint diametrically opposite the port 48 but igher up on the post is another inwardly-opening port 51, and at a short distance above this last-named port is still another inwardly opening port 52, and

post 39 has formed in it a number of connectvthe groove 76 by about 45 en lnrsr lu'o ports ere connected by n pussnge 555 continuing to und opening :it the upper rnd ol the post. At shout the suine elevetion es the port 5l) but et right :ingles thereto, the post has :mother inwardly opening' port 54 connected by :i [ntssuge 1.o :n1 elongered ol|twzlrdly--opening port 56 in the forni of u longitudinal groove extending l'roni n. point slightly ubove the middle of the post to nem' its upper end. The port 56 is also in conimnnif'etion with the intr-nier of the post by another port 57 :it about the sulne'lcvel es, but et right ongles to, the port before referred. to. Diemetrically opposed to the ehingnted port or groove 56 is :mother outwardly-opening port or groove 58, communicating with the interior of the post by e port 59 on shout the seme level es, but et right :ingles to the port 51, end this groove 58 is of sufficient length to communicate with the inl terior of the post by another port 60 at right singles but on about the seme level es the port 4th Neer the bottom of the post 39 are two other inwardly-o lening ports 61 and 62 die-metrieelly oppose -toeseh other, the port 61 being connected by e passage 63 to en outwardly-o ening port 64 about coincident with the ower end of the port or groove 56,

while the port 62 is connected by e passage 65 with en outwardly-openin port 66 about on e level with the ort 60 fore referred to. Directly above t e port 66 is another outwardly-opening port 67 connected to en inwardly-opening port `68 neer the upper endof the post y e passage 69,W hile opposite the port 68 the post has e. through port 70.

Surrounding and guided b the post 39is en annuler piston 71 somewisist longer than the post, end this piston is provided with e system of lports adapted to metch the orts in the postin' the diii'erent phases o the movement ofthe sfLid iston. The piston ports are best shown'in ige. 9 and 10, which ure views from o osite sides of the piston. About midway o the length of the piston is a radial through port 72, Vvend dismetrically Opposite this `port is another through radial port 73. The .port 72is connected to enother radio1 through port 74 by en exterior groove 75, the cports 72 and 74 being sepa.- reted about 45 as indicated in the drewings. The port 72 is in communication with o'ongitudinel groove 76 extending downward to nearly` the bottom of the iston where it meets e lateral groove 77, inelly merging into a radial port 78 se smted from located immediately under the port 74. connected by e horizontal groove 79 with another radial port 80 about 45 ewuy from `the port 73, and the port 73 also communicates with another vertical groove having a comparatively short brano 81 above the port 73, and a longer branch 82 below the same.

The port 7 3 isv m-cuinulution ol' dust or dirt therein.

The cylinder 34 is provided with en nir inlet port S; f folnnnlnirntin;- \\'il h n. short inlet pipe 84 which univ he downwardly directed exterior to the cylinder to prevent the The inlet port 33 is so locnted :lsto connnunil'nie ivith the upper ond ol' the groove Si, when the piston is in its lowerniost position.l Un the other side of the cylinder from the :tir inlet V)ort 83 is another port 85 lending inlo e ner-.lr 86, und the port Sisin iroinnninirn.- tion through u Conduit S7 with e short downwardly-directed brenih opening into :i recess formed on the under side of, the neck 86.

Frist on the cover 3 is e hose-receiving nipple 89, the bore of which is in communication with the inside of the peil throughs bushing 90 seated in e perforation in the c over The nipple 89 has s lateral brunch 91 in which is formed e conduit 92 leading into s. boss 93 formed on the continuation 91 and adapted to enter the recess $8/ in the neck 86. The neck 86 carries e thumb screw 94 having its lower end formed into e needle vel've 95 adapted to enter und throttle or even close the passage 87.

The` piston 71 carries et diemetricullyolpposite points two screw pins 96 passing t irough longitudinal slots 97 in the cylinder -34 and entering suitable recesses in the pistons 14, the seid pins extending also through the slots 13,

The nipples 22 receive suitable fiexible conduits or hose 98, et the free ends of which ere carried test cups of any suitable construction for the purpose. rEhe nipple 89 receives a conduit or hose 99 which may leed toe suitable air exhaust pump 100, e; shown in Fig. 4. The showing, ho ever, of this igure is to be teken es illustrative only since the hose 89 muy lea-d to any suitable exhaust mechanism, and e single exhaust mechanism may be used for e'ny number of pulsetor devices instead of using an nir exeust pump for each separate device. The purpose of the 'exhaust pump is primarily to create :i vacuum Within the eil 1 and the effect oi' this vacuum is utilize for the milkin operation,

et it be essumed that the test cups are properly applied end that e vacuum exists in the pei l and elsothet the velves 23, either or both, have been turned to the open position. The piston 71 und oscillatin vulve 45 are both su posed tobe in the owermost position. ere is now established bet-Ween the port connected to the vacuum side of the e peratus and the port 83 connected' t the air, a pressure difference depending upon the degree of vacuum maintained within the pail, and this difference may approach fifteen pounds to the s uare inch.

When the ve ve 45 is in the lowermost moet position there is established communication between the exhaust side of the device through the conduits 92 and 87, port 85, conduit 71S, lateral groove or conduit 75 and port 74, thence by port 67, conduit 69, and port 68 to the space above thcvoscillating valve. 'lhc pressure abovcthe valve being reduced thc said `valve immediately rises to the position shown in Fig. 2. This brings the groove do into coincidence with the port 52, and, therefore, there is established 'communication, through port 72 and ports 56 and 57 between the exhaust side oi the device and the space above the piston 71 through the passage 53. At the same time there is es tablislied communication between the air inlet port 83,groove 81, port 7 3, groove 58, port 60, groove 47 in the oscillating valve,

, port 48, passageway 49 and port 47 `to the under side oi the piston. Under these circumstances, normal air pressure is dstabe lished beneath the piston 71 and reducedfair pressure depending upon the degree. of vacuum is producedmbove said piston'and the latter is moved upward, ear lng with it the two pulsator pistons 14. he u ward movement of the piston 71 ultimately rings it into the position shown in Fig. 5. Now, there is established communication between the air side through the port 80 and port 70 and the upper side of the oscillatingvalve 45, while the exhaust side of the apparatus is put in communication by the po'rts 76 and 77 to the lower side of the oscillating valve 45 through the passa e 65 and ort v62. The valve 45 immediate y drops and there are now air passages established as follows: from the port 83 through the groove'82 to the port 7 3 thence by the -groove 5S and vport 59 to the groove 46, and `from thence by the port 51 through the channel 53 to the space above the piston, while the spacebelow thepiston is ut into communication'wth the exhaust si e of the apparatus through the 'channel 7 6 port 72, elongated port 56, channel 55, port 54, to the groove 47, `thence by eport 50,`

channel 49 and port 47. The superior air pressure on top of the piston immediately orces the same to the owermost position when the cycle of operations is repeated automatically and continuously so long as the air is exhausted from the ni ple 89'.

Whilel the nipple 89 is in iii'ee communication with the interior of the ail, it is to be observed that the air utilizedpfor the operation of the engine does not pass into the pail at all, and so the milk deposited in thepail cannot become contaminated by contact with the air utilized for running the engine. Furthermore, there being no intercommunication between the engine and the ulsators, the engine may be lubricated by oi or other ubricant introduced through the opening normally closed by thc plug 36. 'It will be understood of course that whenever needed suitable packing will be employed, although such packing is not show@ in the drawings, except between the cover 3 and the mouth of the ai] 1.

VT ie reciprocatory movement of the piston 71 causes a like reciprocatory movement of the pulsator pistons 14, and when the istdns 14 are in their lowermost position, wlhich is determined by thelength of the slots 13 and 97, then the passage 25 in each cylinder 9 and the port 21 throu h each cylinder 9 `are in communication t rough the grooveY 13. When the piston 7.1 has risen ashort distance communication between the groove 33 and Athe port 21 is cut off, 4and immediately after this the continued u ward movement ol' the piston 71 uncovers t e port 21. to the interior of the Apail vthrough the-'sleevedL Now, the vacuum or partial vacuum "thin the pail 1 acts toextract thelmilk vfroviriii, the cow, and this milk will^ow through the conduit 20 past the'transparent ins ection section 24 and find its Way through t e plV rt 21 into the pail' 1. When the iston 71 ai ain descends, the piston 14 of eac pulsator iir'st closes the port 21 and then places the latter in communication with thhe atmos here through the passage 25 and cup 27, t us breaking the vacuum in the conduit 20. dtiwever, this vacuum must not be entirely destroyed for: otherwise the teat cups would fall ofl", so provision is made whereby the uvacuum though much reduced is still maintainedto a partial extent sufficient to hold the teat cups in place, and when the higher vacuum in the pail again becomes effective, these teat cups are thereby caused to act in the proper manner.

The 'adjustable valves 31 inthe air inlet ports or assages 25 for breaking the 'vacuum enable t e operator to adjust the machine for rapid or slow Work in accordance with the` 'animal to be milked since some cows give "'milkjreel and the machine may be :un at high spec and other cows are hard rr ilkers, necesslt'ating the running of the machine at a slow speed; Were the air ports 'for bieaking fail the vacuum simple unrestricted air ports, y

thenif the ports werev made of such si ae as to operate properl; when the machine in run at a high speed, t ey would permit the introduction of too great n uantity oiy air when the machine was run at ow speed, tous per-` mitting the teatcups to fall off beoiuse the vacuum; would be very nearly or q uite ydef stroyed'. W hen the machine isprun slowly it is only necessa to throttle thev air ports 25 by means of t e valves 31 to the extent necessary to prevent a too great reduction ol' the vacuum.

It has beenl found in practice than in spite of the fact that thereV is a'n inrush oi' air through the ports 25 when'the pori-s 21 are put into communication with them there also occurs a rebound, causing the outflow of some milk through the ports 25. In order to prevent this the cups 27 each with the perloi-ated diaphragn'i i255 are employed so that the outflow ol' milk is prevented, and these cups have been 'ound in practice to prevent such outflow ol milk thrinlgli the airports 25.

The springs 19 on each pulsator serve to hold the p'olsator piston 14 normally with its lower end above the port 21 for without These s )rings the air pressure on the upper ends oi' t ic pistons 14 would tend to force the pistons 14 below the ports 21 and thus open the air ports and cause the tent cups to fall oil. ln the operation of the machine, therefore, the normal position of the pistons 14 and 71 is higher than that shown in Fig. 1, in which latter ligure the parts are shown in one. phase of the operation hut not in the normal position. The lowermost position of the parts is ell'eeled against the action of the springs 19, and the piston 71 is immediately assisted in its upward movement hy the reaction of the springs 1Q, the tension of which latter is soilicient to overcome the weight ol'` the parts and the air pressure exerted on the said istons 1.4. When hu't one cow is to he milled by the apparatus thon one of the valves 23 is closed and the other is allowed to remain open, and the corresponding pulsator will be active to the conduit in which the valve 23 is open. Then it is desiredto seV arate the milk of two o1" more cows, then pai s rovided with partitions 2 are employed so t at each pulsator will deliver the milk into a correspending compartment. When it is not found necessary to separate the milk there may be provided milking machines in which but one pulsator is used for two or more conduits 20, and this is indicated in Fi 11, and such 4a machine may he used for mking; one or more cows depending on the numher of conduits 20, but 1n such instance the milk is not separated hut becomes mixed in the pail or receptacle.

lThe speed of the pneumatic engine is readily regulated by means of the valve 95 carried by the screw 9?, so that the )ar-:sage 87 may be throttled to a greater or less extent, depending` upon the desired speed, and this may be done without ailccting the de grec of vacuum maintained in the pail 1.

Let it be assumed that the apparatus has been used to the desired extent and that it is to be cleansed before being laid away for future use. This cleansing of course should /be done after each milking, for otherwise the machine is liable to become an active source of toxic contammation, or a producer of ferments which will quickly destroy the keeping;

qualities of milk. The failure to properly clean milking machines is usually due to the fact that the parts are not easily separable or removable, and hence the proper cleansing is not performed hy the attendants. More- 'overhthr propel' sterilization ol'the milkcarrymg parts` is either very dilhenll` or praetieally impossible in many milkingr machines, for the reason that the operatingr parts of the inarhine cannot he readily separated from the milk-carrying parts and the treatment necessary lor (he proper sterilization is de slrnrftivc to some oi the operating;r parts. ln ihrinarhine of the present invention, all il' these ohjertionahle features are entirely ohviated by making the pneumatieA engine independent of and separable from the milk- Carrying paris without necessitating; the removal 'or uneouplinpr ol' any part whatsoever in order that the engine may he separated from the parts it drives.

'lo remove the )neumatic engine the latter is simply lifteiv out of the pocket S, and the iiulsator pistons are carried out of their cylinders with it, this being permitted hy the slots 13. The engine may then he wiped oil' and put away while the pulsatior pistons are simply slipped oli' the pins Qd, and these said pistons, as well as the cover Il and ini-ts fast thereon and other parts with which the milk comes in contact, may he thoroughly sterilized in any of the well known wars. ln order to reassemble the part-s, it is only necessary to slip the pistons 14 on the pins 96 and then place these pistons in the cylinders 9 and the engine cylinder oreasing 24 into the pocket 8.

It is further observed that the valve structure of the engine is entirely inclosed within the engine structure out of sight and reach of operatives so that the more delicate parts of the engine cannot he tampered with maliciously or thonghtlessly.

The operation ol the device is entirely automatic and the oscillating valve is wholly controlled hy the piston of the engine. The valvo.ean only move when the piston has completed its stroke in either direction since the ports leading to it remain closed until the piston stroke is eompleted. rllie piston is in turn entirely controlled by the valve, although the ports operating the piston are at all times in register with both the initial pressure and exhaust ports, while the inner ports located in the post or standard arc the ports which are controlled by the oscillating valve to properly control the outside inlet and exhaust ports. ln order to reach the oscillatingr valve for any purpose, the plug 4:4 is readily accessible so that the corresponding end of the post or standard 39 may be opened and the oscillating valve will then drop out. The engine could not be readily sterilized without taking it all apart, and this would mean considerable work, but since the milk does not come in contact with it and the, engine itsehc is not interposed in any part in the path of the milk and there is no danger of any matter which may be on the engine. getting into the milk, sterilization is not necessary, and since the enginel is so readily removable from the milktempting A,to excuse neglect to sterilize thel i milk-carrying parts because of the diilieulty 'of access to the several parts of the engine.

From the foregoing, it' will be seen that the machine constituting the subject-matter of the resent invention is advantageous because o its simple nature and freedom from danger of damage from meddlesome operators; also because the pro er cleansing of the machine is greatly faei itatcd and, therefore, it may bc kept ina strictly sanitary condition; valso because thesame vacuum producing mechanism.necessarydor the milking operations is utilizable for the operation of the pneumatic engine without bringing the air usedfor the propulsionpf the engine into Contact with the milk and also in the provision for regulating the s eed of the en ine and the influx of air for t e periodic rer uction of the vacuum in the milking operation.

It has been hereinbeforc stated that fif the vacuum reducing air port for the 4pulsator were made to o erate at high speed, then too Y much air Woul be introduced when the machine was working at low speed. Il' the air port bc made for the lows eed, then when the speed is in creased for mi ing cows giving the milk freely, the largeil influx of air neces sary to break the suction because of the rapid movement of the pulsator is not admitted and the vacuum in the conduit 20 isnot re lieved to a sufficient extent before the-vacuum would again be established and thus very little if any pulsation would-occur.V However,` this effect is entirely obviated by the radjustable air iniiux port `of each pulsator piston.

What is claimed is n j 1. In a milking machine, a pulsator and suplprt therefor, and a prime mover carried by t e pulsator support and operatively 4connected to the pulsator Without fastening devices whereby the prime mover may be readily moved from the pulsator andits support.

2. In a milking machine, a milk container, a cover therefor, a pulsatorv mechanism mounted on said cover, anda pneumatic en# gine adapted to be Vseated on said cover and operatively connected'to the 'pulsator without fastening devices whereby the en ine is 'readily nection to thepulsator.

3. In'a milking machine, a milk container, a cover therefor, a pulsator carried by the cover, a pocket formed in the Ndjacent tothe pulsator,l and a Y pneumatic en ine adapted to be seated in the pocket and W en so seated to be inoperative relation to the pulsator. but readily .removable `from both the pulsator and cover.

4. In a milking machine, a milking. mechanism, a pneumatic engine for actuating the slt removable from'the cover am` con-` moving parts of the milking mechanism, and a common air exhausting means separately coupled to the milking mechanism and to the exhaust side of the engine, whereby the engine is operated by air and atmospheric res 7U nections between the exhaust side of the engine and the exhaust side of the milk con tainer for operating the engine by normal air pressure and for conducting the air so used away from the milk container without passing through the latter.

6. In a milking machine, a milk container or receptacle, a coverjforthe same provided with a pocket on its up er surface, a pulsator mechanism carried byt e co'ver, a pneumal i.- engine seated in the pocket and operatively connected `to the pulsator, and a common air exhaust connectionse arately coupled with the milk container :mdp to the exhaust side of the engine whereby -the engine is operated by air at atmospheric pressure, and the air so used is directed anvay from the milk container. i

7. In amilking machine, a'pu'lsator of the vacuum type having a normally open air inlet relief port with a perforated diaphragm or screen coverin the same exterior thereto, the perforations 1n' the diaplira m being out of line with the return iiow of uid through the port, and anun ielding valve for saidA port adjustable .at wi l.

8. In a milking machine, a pulsator of the vacuum type, having a constantly o en air inlet size o to said ort and in Acommunication there with, said cup carrying a` perforated diaphragm or screen in the path of the air stream, 'with y 'j perforations out of line with the retur A port K,

9. ,In a milking machine, a pulsator of the vacuum t pe having a normally open air inlet reliefy port and a perforated diaphragm or screen covering the same exterior thereto, the erforations in the diaphragm being out of ine with the return flow o-iiid through the ort.

10. In a m1lking machine, a pulsator of the vacuum type having a constantly open air inlet port, and a cup exterior to said port and injcommunication therewith, said cup carrying a perforated diaphragm orscreen in the path 0f the air stream, with the perforations out of line with the return llow ol fluid through said port.

ll. In a milking machine. a pulsator of the port, means for varying the e active icioY said air inlet port, and a cup exterior flow of Huid through said vacuum type provided withari `air inlet port, an un ielding valve for said port'ladjuetable at Wil and a carrier for said valve c'im-xtituting a chamber of4 larger' area than' the portv 5 and `provided with Va rforatedxdaphragm orfscreenexterior to t evalve sejat and hav-V` ingthe perforations outof 4linerwith",the re-` turn How of fluidA throu h the porti .f i

12. 1n a'milking maclline, a.1:,llliil1ie5r430111?.L lo prisin port t erein, a milk conduit provided With a v port adapted toxbe 'o ened and lclosed by the piston, and an air in et portso located 'ae to f bo put into communicationy with the milk A -15.5 conduit. port in one phase o theoperation of the piston, said mlet port having yielding. mjustablevali/e.`

1'3. ln a milking niacbine'offtlhe vacuum type, e, suitable puleator and means'for op? 20 eratiog seidv pulsator comprising a pneu:4 matic engine xrovidedjwth a reci roeatlingv piston, and a s ide valvecheet fend ef' valve interior to the piston, said Slide valvebeing actuated to its operative poitionebytle air 25 'prressinie utiliiedto diive the piston." 14.

an. un:

, and valveicasing Qing provi edwith euitaV reciprocating plston, al bridglng n a milking machipapfthevaeuul 1 t-y a Suitable? nlsator, a d a'pneurnatic england Din' oneratiilg theLpiils torcornprising an outer-'cy indenor casing, a piston intemor thereto, a 44guide for the piston 'concentric 30 therewith and constituting a valve chamber, 1- and a recp'roeatory valve member contained inthefvalve casin the said c linder pieton` 4able `porte for thefadmission of air. L y l 35 9115: In amilkingniachine, aeuitable pill-5 satoand a pnematic envine for operating `the'y same com'prieingz4aJ cy inder or easingfa: -fbentral-hollow post or .standard therein' and provided with suitable' ports, a piston betweenfthe standard and cylinder [and also 'provided with suitable`port`s,a valve member; I

fwithintherpost o'r standard, and meahsjfor ,permitting the removal of the valve member Without dismantling the engine. l '1 In testimony `hat I claim. the Forefgio'ing,as' my own; I-havV hereto aflixed my'signatnrel sin 'thevpresence oftwo Witnesses. L

v Witnesses A.: C, Vl/ELU,

CLAW. GOLDEN.'

i DANIEUKLEI'N; f 

